Swiss Federal Railways Reports CHF 9.5 Billion Infrastructure Maintenance Backlog

A staggering CHF 9.5 billion debt to the future now looms over the Swiss rail network. This unprecedented maintenance backlog surged by 12% in 2025 alone, signaling a critical divergence between the legendary reliability of Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) and the deteriorating reality of its physical foundations. While the red-and-white trains continue to crisscross the Alps with surgical precision, the bill for their passage is mounting at an alarming rate. SBB currently rates its infrastructure at a 2.8 out of 5—a score it deems 'good to sufficient'—but this bureaucratic optimism masks a growing structural deficit. The gap between what is needed and what is being built is widening, threatening the very backbone of Swiss mobility. As the backlog soars toward the double-digit billions, the nation confronts a hard truth: the world's most utilized railway is wearing out faster than it can be repaired.

SBB is performing a high-stakes financial juggling act, diverting funds intended for long-term renewal into short-term emergency fixes. This tactical pivot successfully slashed infrastructure-related passenger delays by 30% last year—down to 7.9 million minutes—but it comes at a devastating long-term price. By prioritizing unplanned, 'firefighting' maintenance over preventive care, the operator is essentially cannibalizing its future stability to maintain its current reputation for punctuality. This costlier, reactive approach stabilizes the grid today but accelerates the decay of the network tomorrow. SBB leadership has been blunt: this is a temporary shield, not a cure. The reallocation of resources has kept the trains running on time for now, but it has simultaneously deepened the renovation hole, leaving the network vulnerable to the kind of systemic failures seen in neighboring European rail systems.

Usage of the Swiss rail network has doubled since the 1980s, yet the pace of renewal is failing to keep rhythm with this explosive growth. To maintain equilibrium, SBB must renew at least 230 kilometers of track every single year. In 2025, it managed only 186 kilometers—a significant shortfall that adds miles of aging steel to the backlog. The pressure is compounded by success: a record 1.43 million passengers flooded the system daily in 2025. Furthermore, every new expansion project designed to meet this demand brings an inherent 'maintenance tax,' increasing annual upkeep costs by roughly 3%. We are witnessing a paradox where the more the network expands to serve the public, the more expensive and difficult it becomes to preserve. The physical limits of the tracks are being tested by a population that relies on rail more than almost any other nation on earth.

Switzerland stands at a crossroads, determined to avoid the 'managed decline' seen in other national rail operators across Europe. SBB has set a target to stabilize the maintenance backlog by 2040, but achieving this will require a monumental shift in funding and execution. While safety remains guaranteed and federal performance targets are currently met, the warning from SBB is clear: without corrective action, the Swiss gold standard for transit is at risk. The coming decade will be defined by 'intensive maintenance' and potentially disruptive construction windows as the operator struggles to bridge the CHF 9.5 billion gap. For the Swiss commuter, the 'good' rating of today is a fragile promise. Maintaining the status quo is no longer an option; only an aggressive, well-funded pivot toward massive renewal can ensure that the heart of Europe’s transit system continues to beat reliably into the mid-century.