Government plans to implement satellite-based surveillance system to detect and prevent landslides and ground instability across the country.
"The goal is to identify instabilities that are not yet known"
In a groundbreaking initiative to enhance public safety and environmental monitoring, Switzerland is implementing a nationwide ground movement surveillance system. The Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) has announced this innovative project that will utilize the European Space Agency's Sentinel-1 satellite data to detect and prevent potential landslides and ground instability across the country. This development comes at a crucial time, as demonstrated by recent events in the village of Blatten in the Loetschental valley, where residents were evacuated due to imminent rockfall risks.
The monitoring system leverages cutting-edge satellite technology, specifically the ESA's Sentinel-1 satellite, which orbits at an altitude of 700 kilometers. This advanced system continuously scans the Earth's surface, providing precise data through the European Copernicus program. To process this complex data, FOEN has partnered with a specialized company in Barcelona, marking a significant step in international technological collaboration. The system is particularly focused on detecting ground movements related to thawing permafrost, which poses an increasing risk in the Alpine region due to climate change.
The ambitious project is scheduled to deliver its first maps and analyses by the end of 2025, though this represents a delay from the original timeline. The implementation involves significant international cooperation, with Switzerland drawing inspiration from similar systems already operational in countries like Norway. The project has garnered substantial interest from various Swiss cantons, recognizing its potential as a crucial tool for regional safety and planning.
Despite its promising potential, the project faces significant challenges. A key concern is Switzerland's decision not to initially join the European Copernicus program, citing the annual cost of CHF 45 million. This decision could impact long-term access to crucial satellite data. However, the project's importance is underscored by experts like Yves Bühler from the Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research in Davos, who emphasizes its value as an early warning tool. The success of this initiative could set a precedent for similar programs worldwide, particularly in regions facing comparable geological challenges.